Choline alphoscerate (alpha glycerylphosphorylcholine, Alpha-GPC) is a choline-containing phospholipid with cognition enhancing capabilities, proposed for countering the cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s Disease, stroke, and other types of adult-onset dementias. From a pharmacological point of view, Alpha-GPC is considered as a parasympathetic agent, which is used both as a registered drug or as a nutraceutical in several countries. Preclinical studies have shown that Alpha-GPC increases acetylcholine release and levels, as well as facilitates learning and memory. It has been shown that Alpha-GPC increases acetylcholine levels in the aging brain. Acetylcholine is a neuro-transmitter contributing to communication between nerve cells, and between neurons and their skeletal muscles and autonomic targets. It also plays a key role in the brain’s ability to store and recall information. In clinical studies, Alpha-GPC was found to improve cognition, behavioral, and functional outcomes in patients with Alzheimer’s Disease, stroke, and cerebral ischemic attacks.
PUBLISHED ARTICLES :
** Nutrients. 2021 Jun 18;13(6):2091.doi: 10.3390/nu13062091.
Alpha-Glycerylphosphorylcholine Increases Motivation in Healthy Volunteers: A Single-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Human Study
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8235064/pdf/nutrients-13-02091.pdf** J Alzheimers Dis. 2023;92(1):59-70.doi: 10.3233/JAD-221189.
Activity of Choline Alphoscerate on Adult-Onset Cognitive Dysfunctions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10041421/pdf/jad-92-jad221189.pdf** J Clin Med. 2022 Oct 13;11(20):6052.doi: 10.3390/jcm11206052.
Effect of Choline Alphoscerate on the Survival of Glioblastoma Patients: A Retrospective, Single-Center Study
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9605462/pdf/jcm-11-06052.pdf** Front Cell Neurosci. 2022 Sep 23;16:988759.doi: 10.3389/fncel.2022.988759.
Effects of choline containing phospholipids on the neurovascular unit: A review
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9541750/pdf/fncel-16-988759.pdf** J Neurochem. 2019 May;149(4):499-517.doi: 10.1111/jnc.14560. Epub 2018 Nov 8.
Distinct disruptions in Land's cycle remodeling of glycerophosphocholines in murine cortex mark symptomatic onset and progression in two Alzheimer's disease mouse models
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jnc.14560