POLYGALA TENUIFOLIA

Polygala Tenuifolia Willd. (Polygalaceae), also known as Yuan Zhi, has been reported to be enriched with triterpene saponins, onjisaponins and polygalasaponins (Jin et al. 2014), and it also exhibits protective effects on the central nervous system and is frequently used to treat memory dysfunction, insomnia and neurasthenia (Zhang et al. 2016). As the main pharmacologically active components of P. tenuifolia, polygalasaponins, including polygalasaponin XXXII (PGS 32), tenuifolin, polygalacic acid and senegenin (tenuigenin), have been shown to possess multiplex neuroprotective potential associated with Alzheimer’s Disease, such as anti-b-amyloid (Ab) aggregation (Jia et al. 2004; Park et al. 2019), anti-Tau (Xu et al. 2012), anti-inflammation (Cheong et al. 2011; Wang et al. 2017), antioxidant (Zhang et al. 2011), enhancing central cholinergic system, anti-neuronal apoptosis (Li et al. 2015), promote neuronal proliferation (Park et al. 2008; Zhu et al. 2016).

PUBLISHED ARTICLES :

** BMC Complement Med Ther. 2021 Oct 25;21(1):267.doi: 10.1186/s12906-021-03437-5.

Active constituent of Polygala tenuifolia attenuates cognitive deficits by rescuing hippocampal neurogenesis in APP/PS1 transgenic mice

** Biol Pharm Bull. 2006 Sep;29(9):1892-6.doi: 10.1248/bpb.29.1892.

Characterization of anti-neurodegenerative effects of Polygala tenuifolia in Abeta(25-35)-treated cortical neurons

** Biol Pharm Bull. 2004 Jul;27(7):1081-5.doi: 10.1248/bpb.27.1081.

Cognitive improving and cerebral protective effects of acylated oligosaccharides in Polygala tenuifolia

** Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:392324.doi: 10.1155/2014/392324. Epub 2014 Mar 12.

Memory-Enhancing Effects of the Crude Extract of Polygala tenuifolia on Aged Mice

** Brain Circ. 2018 Jan-Mar;4(1):24-32.doi: 10.4103/bc.bc_2_17. Epub 2018 Apr 18.

Neuroprotective effects of tenuigenin on neurobehavior, oxidative stress, and tau hyperphosphorylation induced by intracerebroventricular streptozotocin in rats

** Pharm Biol. 2020 Dec;58(1):410-416.doi: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1758732.

Polygala tenuifolia: a source for anti-Alzheimer's disease drugs

** Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2009 Sep;30(9):1211-9.doi: 10.1038/aps.2009.112. Epub 2009 Aug 17.

Polygalasaponin XXXII from Polygala tenuifolia root improves hippocampal-dependent learning and memory

** Front Psychiatry. 2021 Dec 17;12:688703.doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.688703.

Protective Effects and Mechanism of Radix Polygalae Against Neurological Diseases as Well as Effective Substance

** PLoS One. 2012;7(9):e45575.doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045575. Epub 2012 Sep 21.

Senegenin attenuates hepatic ischemia-reperfusion induced cognitive dysfunction by increasing hippocampal NR2B expression in rats

** BMC Complement Altern Med. 2016 Jan 23;16:26.doi: 10.1186/s12906-016-1006-3.

The neuritogenic and neuroprotective potential of senegenin against Aβ-induced neurotoxicity in PC 12 cells